{"id":7748,"date":"2024-02-20T13:22:07","date_gmt":"2024-02-20T12:22:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wanderers.hu\/a-jordaniai-akaba-a-voros-tenger-kapuja\/"},"modified":"2025-08-13T13:42:25","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T11:42:25","slug":"a-jordaniai-akaba-a-voros-tenger-kapuja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wanderers.hu\/2024\/02\/20\/a-jordaniai-akaba-a-voros-tenger-kapuja\/","title":{"rendered":"Akaba a V\u00f6r\u00f6s-tenger kapuja"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Akaba, n\u00e9gy orsz\u00e1g naplement\u00e9je<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Akaba Jord\u00e1nia egyetlen tengeri kik\u00f6t\u0151je, ez\u00e9rt strat\u00e9giai fekv\u00e9s\u0171 v\u00e1ros a V\u00f6r\u00f6s-tenger \u00e9szakkeleti cs\u00fccsk\u00e9ben. Afrika \u00e9s \u00c1zsia tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si pontja ez, melyet keletr\u0151l az Arab-sivatag homokk\u0151szirtekkel tagolt pusztas\u00e1ga, \u00e9szakr\u00f3l Izrael, nyugatr\u00f3l pedig a S\u00ednai-f\u00e9lsziget kop\u00e1r hegyvid\u00e9ke hat\u00e1rol.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Sivatagi<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ne hagyd ki az orsz\u00e1gr\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt \u00e1tfog\u00f3 tud\u00e1st\u00e1runkat<\/a>! Tapasztalt utaz\u00f3k hiteles \u00e9s hasznos inform\u00e1ci\u00f3i. Minden, amit Jord\u00e1nia kapcs\u00e1n tudni \u00e9rdemes a l\u00e1tnival\u00f3kr\u00f3l \u00e9s kult\u00far\u00e1r\u00f3l. Megn\u00e9zem<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akabat\u00f3l d\u00e9lre, a sza\u00fadi hat\u00e1rig homokos, apr\u00f3kavicsos tengerpart ny\u00falik el h\u00fasz kilom\u00e9ter hosszan. Sz\u00e1llod\u00e1k, halvend\u00e9gl\u0151k, naperny\u0151kkel telet\u0171zdelt strandok \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen izgalmas v\u00edz alatti vil\u00e1g v\u00e1rja itt a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmet, term\u00e9szeti sz\u00e9ps\u00e9geket \u00e9s kalandokat keres\u0151 utaz\u00f3kat.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Akaba<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Akaban\u00e1l a nap, narancss\u00e1rg\u00e1ra festve az eg\u00e9sz \u00f6bl\u00f6t, a S\u00ednai-f\u00e9lsziget hegyeinek f\u0171r\u00e9szfogas gerincei m\u00f6g\u00e9 bukik le. A v\u00edzen t\u00fal, \u00e1tellenben egyiptomi kaszin\u00f3k, az \u00f6b\u00f6l \u00e9szaki v\u00e9g\u00e9n az izraeli Eilat sz\u00e1llodasorai l\u00e1that\u00f3k, d\u00e9l fel\u00e9 pedig a sza\u00fadi hat\u00e1rvid\u00e9k oszlopai vehet\u0151k ki. Egyszerre n\u00e9gy orsz\u00e1g l\u00e1tszik innen minden alkonyatkor.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Akaba<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akaba, az \u0151si kik\u00f6t\u0151<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Akaba az \u00fajk\u0151kor v\u00e9g\u00e9t\u0151l eg\u00e9szen napjainkig a t\u00e9rs\u00e9gben zajl\u00f3 esem\u00e9nyek egyik k\u00f6zpontja volt. <\/span>A v\u00e1ros, \u00f3kori nev\u00e9n Elath m\u00e1r 3500 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt is jelent\u0151s kik\u00f6t\u0151nek sz\u00e1m\u00edtott. Strat\u00e9giai elhelyezked\u00e9se \u00e9s az \u00f3kori, ar\u00e1biai r\u00e9zb\u00e1ny\u00e1khoz val\u00f3 k\u00f6zels\u00e9ge \u00e9vsz\u00e1zadokra a r\u00e9zkereskedelem k\u00f6zpontj\u00e1v\u00e1 tette.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az i.e. 3. sz\u00e1zadban Ptolemaiosz, Nagy S\u00e1ndor ut\u00f3da foglalta el a v\u00e1rost. Az uralkod\u00f3nak olyannyira tetszett Akaba fekv\u00e9se, hogy azt <\/span>Berenik\u00e9re<\/span><\/i> nevezte \u00e1t – szeretett feles\u00e9ge, a sz\u00e9ps\u00e9ges egyiptomi kir\u00e1lyn\u0151 ut\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Akaba<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A r\u00f3mai korban Traianus cs\u00e1sz\u00e1r h\u00f3d\u00edtotta meg a vid\u00e9ket, melyet a Petra sz\u00e9khely\u0171 Provincia Arabia hat\u00e1rmenti tartom\u00e1nyhoz csatolt. Akaba ekkor v\u00e1lt az Arab-f\u00e9lsziget, India \u00e9s a F\u00f6ldk\u00f6zi-tenger k\u00f6z\u00f6tti f\u0171szer-, text\u00edlia- \u00e9s nemesf\u00e9m-kereskedelem alapvet\u0151 fontoss\u00e1g\u00fa kik\u00f6t\u0151j\u00e9v\u00e9. A r\u00f3maiak katonai er\u0151d\u00edtm\u00e9nyekkel biztos\u00edtott\u00e1k a kereskedelem zavartalan m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t. Ezek k\u00f6z\u00fcl n\u00e9h\u00e1ny, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az Aila-er\u0151d, m\u00e9g ma is l\u00e1that\u00f3k a v\u00e1ros k\u00f6rny\u00e9k\u00e9n.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Alla<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A birodalom buk\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n, a biz\u00e1nciak k\u00f6vetkeztek, akik Akab\u00e1t p\u00fcsp\u00f6ki sz\u00e9khelly\u00e9 tett\u00e9k. \u0150k hagyt\u00e1k h\u00e1tra a 293 – 303. k\u00f6z\u00f6tt \u00e9p\u00fclt templomot, mely \u0151sibb, mint a jeruzs\u00e1lemi Szent S\u00edr-templom \u00e9s a betlehemi Sz\u00fclet\u00e9s Temploma. A f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek \u00e1ltal t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r is romba d\u00f6nt\u00f6tt \u00e9p\u00fclet romjai ma is l\u00e1togathat\u00f3ak a v\u00e1ros k\u00f6zpontj\u00e1ban.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0150si<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Akaba a k\u00f6z\u00e9pkori hom\u00e1lyban<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Akaba a Biz\u00e1nci Birodalom hanyatl\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n elvesztette jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t. Muszlim seregek, majd a keresztesek foglalt\u00e1k el a vid\u00e9ket, akik nem l\u00e1ttak fant\u00e1zi\u00e1t a kik\u00f6t\u0151v\u00e1rosban.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1517-ben az Oszm\u00e1n Birodalom lett a K\u00f6zel-Kelet ura. Az \u00faj h\u00f3d\u00edt\u00f3k nem jeleskedtek a tengeri \u00e1rusz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s ter\u00e9n, a r\u00e9gi\u00f3t pedig t\u00e1voli, \u00e9rdektelen tartom\u00e1nyk\u00e9nt kezelt\u00e9k. A hanyatl\u00e1s \u00e9vsz\u00e1zadai k\u00f6vetkeztek. A Szuezi-csatorna 1869-es megnyit\u00e1sa azt\u00e1n v\u00e9gk\u00e9pp megpecs\u00e9telte Akaba sors\u00e1t. Ekkort\u00f3l a tengeri kereskedelem v\u00e9gleg a S\u00ednai-f\u00e9lsziget t\u00faloldal\u00e1ra, a Szuezi-\u00f6b\u00f6lbe helyez\u0151d\u00f6tt \u00e1t. Akaba a 20. sz\u00e1zad elej\u00e9re nem volt t\u00f6bb egy egyszer\u0171 hal\u00e1szfalun\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Akaba<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A h\u00e1bor\u00fa szele<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Az els\u0151 vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00faban azt\u00e1n \u00fajra fel\u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u0151d\u00f6tt az Akabai-\u00f6b\u00f6l \u00e9s maga a v\u00e1ros is. A S\u00ednai-f\u00e9lszigetet \u00e9s a Szuezi-csatorn\u00e1t a britek r\u00e9v\u00e9n az Antant, az \u00f6b\u00f6l t\u00faloldal\u00e1t pedig a Tengelyhatalmakhoz tartoz\u00f3 Oszm\u00e1n Birodalom tartotta ellen\u0151rz\u00e9se alatt. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akaba kik\u00f6t\u0151j\u00e9t ekkor az Antant haj\u00f3hadainak v\u00f6r\u00f6s-tengeri mozg\u00e1s\u00e1t akad\u00e1lyoz\u00f3 n\u00e9met tengeralattj\u00e1r\u00f3k haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k b\u00e1zisk\u00e9nt.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Hadihaj\u00f3<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ar\u00e1biai Lawrence \u00e9s egy fejbe l\u0151tt teve<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A h\u00e1bor\u00fa sor\u00e1n, a britek egy legend\u00e1s \u00f6sszek\u00f6t\u0151 tisztje \u00e9p\u00fclt be ekkoriban az oszm\u00e1nokkal m\u00e1r j\u00f3 ideje \u00f6sszet\u0171z\u00e9sben \u00e9l\u0151 helyi t\u00f6rzsek, a beduinok k\u00f6z\u00e9. A c\u00e9l az volt, hogy egy \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos arab l\u00e1zad\u00e1s kirobbant\u00e1s\u00e1val bel\u00fclr\u0151l gyeng\u00edts\u00e9k meg az oszm\u00e1nokat.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Jord\u00e1niai<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A kiv\u00e1lasztott \u00fcgyn\u00f6k, Thomas Edward Lawrence, azaz Ar\u00e1biai Lawrence, bar\u00e1ts\u00e1got k\u00f6t\u00f6tt Fejsz\u00e1l kir\u00e1llyal, a beduin t\u00f6rzsek fej\u00e9vel. Meggy\u0151zte \u0151t arr\u00f3l, hogy a siker kulcsa Akaba bev\u00e9tele lesz, \u00e9s ezt m\u00e9g egy rosszul felszerelt, nom\u00e1dokb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 csapat is v\u00e9gre tudja hajtani. Mivel Akab\u00e1ban minden oszm\u00e1n \u00e1gy\u00fa a tenger fel\u00e9 van ir\u00e1nyozva, \u00edgy a sivatag fel\u0151l t\u00e1mad\u00f3 arabokra senki se fog sz\u00e1m\u00edtani. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A t\u00e1mad\u00e1s olyan j\u00f3l siker\u00fclt, hogy mind\u00f6sszesen k\u00e9t ember vesztes\u00e9ggel, egyetlen rohammal elfoglalt\u00e1k a v\u00e1rost. A csat\u00e1ban Lawrence majdnem ott hagyta a fog\u00e1t, miut\u00e1n a t\u00e1mad\u00e1s k\u00f6zben pisztoly\u00e1val v\u00e9letlen\u00fcl fejbe l\u0151tte saj\u00e1t tev\u00e9j\u00e9t.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Tev\u00e9k<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

F\u00fcggetlens\u00e9g \u00e9s \u00e1rul\u00e1s<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Akaba volt a beduinok els\u0151 nagy gy\u0151zelme az arab felkel\u00e9s sor\u00e1n, ezut\u00e1n m\u00e1r a tartom\u00e1ny f\u0151v\u00e1rosa, Damaszkusz k\u00f6vetkezett. Miut\u00e1n az oszm\u00e1nok ott sem tudtak \u00e9rdemi ellen\u00e1ll\u00e1st felmutatni, az arab t\u00f6rzsek kiv\u00edvt\u00e1k f\u00fcggetlens\u00e9g\u00fcket – m\u00e1s k\u00e9rd\u00e9s, hogy a britek azonnal megsz\u00e1llt\u00e1k a frissen felszabadult ter\u00fcleteket. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akaba csak 1950-ben, a f\u00fcggetlen Jord\u00e1n Kir\u00e1lys\u00e1g kiki\u00e1lt\u00e1s\u00e1val lett az \u00faj, \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 orsz\u00e1g egyetlen tengeri kik\u00f6t\u0151je. A csata eml\u00e9ke mindamellett tov\u00e1bbra is \u00e9l, a beduinok nem felejtik el legend\u00e1s gy\u0151zelm\u00fcket a vil\u00e1g akkori vezet\u0151 hadereje ellen.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Akaba<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Akaba v\u00edz alatti katonai par\u00e1d\u00e9ja<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Husszein, az \u00faj orsz\u00e1g kir\u00e1lya k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6s figyelmet ford\u00edtott a v\u00e1rosra. 1954-ben \u00fajj\u00e1\u00e9p\u00edtette a kik\u00f6t\u0151t, 1965-ben pedig 6000 n\u00e9gyzetkilom\u00e9ternyi sivatagi ter\u00fcletet adott a sza\u00fadi uralkod\u00f3csal\u00e1dnak tov\u00e1bbi 12 kilom\u00e9teres partszakasz\u00e9rt cser\u00e9be. Ez ut\u00f3bbi egyr\u00e9szt a kik\u00f6t\u0151 b\u0151v\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t c\u00e9lozta, ugyanis Akabat\u00f3l k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl d\u00e9lre h\u00faz\u00f3dott a jord\u00e1n – sza\u00fadi hat\u00e1r. M\u00e1sr\u00e9szt ezzel Jord\u00e1ni\u00e1hoz ker\u00fclt a part k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben fekv\u0151, fantasztikus v\u00edzi vil\u00e1g\u00fa Yamanieh korallz\u00e1tony. Ez ut\u00f3bbi tette igaz\u00e1n kiemelked\u0151 turistaparadicsomm\u00e1 a v\u00e1rost.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Akaba<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A parti s\u00e1vban grandi\u00f3zus projektek indultak be, sz\u00e1llod\u00e1k, lak\u00f3parkok \u00e9p\u00fcltek, a v\u00edz al\u00e1 pedig egy komplett katonai parkot telep\u00edtettek a b\u00fav\u00e1rkod\u00e1s \u00e9s sznorkelez\u00e9s szerelmeseinek nagy \u00f6r\u00f6m\u00e9re.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1ra Akaba m\u00e1r nem kereskedelmi vagy strat\u00e9giai szempontb\u00f3l l\u00e9nyeges, hanem a v\u00e1ros k\u00f6rny\u00e9ke lett az egyik legfontosabb turisztikai c\u00e9lpont a V\u00f6r\u00f6s-tengeren. T\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi m\u00faltja, egyedi hangulata \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges v\u00edzi vil\u00e1ga teszik azz\u00e1, \u00e9s aki ide utazik, az a parton \u00e1llva alkonyatt\u00e1jt n\u00e9gy orsz\u00e1g f\u00e9nyeit sz\u00e1molhatja meg a t\u00e1volban.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Akaba<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Akaba<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Akaba, n\u00e9gy orsz\u00e1g naplement\u00e9je Akaba Jord\u00e1nia egyetlen tengeri kik\u00f6t\u0151je, ez\u00e9rt strat\u00e9giai fekv\u00e9s\u0171 v\u00e1ros a V\u00f6r\u00f6s-tenger \u00e9szakkeleti cs\u00fccsk\u00e9ben. Afrika \u00e9s \u00c1zsia tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si pontja ez, melyet keletr\u0151l az Arab-sivatag homokk\u0151szirtekkel tagolt pusztas\u00e1ga, \u00e9szakr\u00f3l Izrael, nyugatr\u00f3l pedig a S\u00ednai-f\u00e9lsziget kop\u00e1r hegyvid\u00e9ke hat\u00e1rol. Ne hagyd ki az orsz\u00e1gr\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00fclt \u00e1tfog\u00f3 tud\u00e1st\u00e1runkat! Tapasztalt utaz\u00f3k hiteles \u00e9s hasznos inform\u00e1ci\u00f3i. Minden, amit Jord\u00e1nia […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":7749,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[742,18],"tags":[647,648,446,649,661],"class_list":["post-7748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jordania","category-utazas","tag-akaba","tag-aqaba","tag-jordania","tag-latnivalok","tag-voros-tenger"],"yoast_head":"\nA jord\u00e1niai Akaba a V\u00f6r\u00f6s-tenger kapuja - Wanderers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Akaba Jord\u00e1nia egyetlen kik\u00f6t\u0151je, Afrika \u00e9s \u00c1zsia tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si pontja. 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